In 2002, total value of imports and exports reached 620.8 billion US
dollars, up 21.8 percent over the previous year. The value of export was
325.6 billion US dollars, up 22.3 percent, and the value of import was
295.2 billion US dollars, up 21.2 percent.
Value
of Exports and Imports by Category of Commodities
(100 million USD )
| Category
of Commodities |
Exports |
Imports |
| Total
Exports |
Increase
Rate |
Total
Imports |
Increase
Rate |
TOTAL |
3,255.7 |
22.3 |
2,952.0 |
21.2 |
I.
Primary Goods |
284.8 |
8.1 |
492.7 |
7.7 |
| 0,
Good and Live Animals |
146.2 |
14.4 |
52.4 |
5.3 |
| 1,
Beverages and Tobacco |
9.8 |
12.6 |
3.9 |
-5.9 |
| 2,
Non-edible Raw Materials |
44.0 |
5.5 |
227.4 |
2.7 |
| 3,
Mineral Fuels, Lubricants and Related Materials |
83.7 |
-0.4 |
192.9 |
10.4 |
| 4,
Animal and Vegetable Oils, Fats and Waxes |
1.0 |
12.0 |
16.2 |
113.0 |
| II.
Manufactured Goods |
2,970.8 |
23.9 |
2,459.3 |
24.3 |
|
5, Chemicals and Related Products |
153.3 |
14.8 |
390.4 |
21.6 |
| 6,
Light and Textile Industrial Products, Rubber Products, Minerals
and Metallurgical Products |
529.6 |
20.9 |
484.9 |
15.6 |
| 7,
Machinery and Transport Equipment |
1,269.8 |
33.8 |
1,370.3 |
28.1 |
|
8, Miscellaneous Products |
1,011.7 |
16.1 |
198.0 |
31.3 |
| 9,
Products Not Otherwise Classified |
6.5 |
11.5 |
15.5 |
-6.6 |
The imports and exports volume between China and the top ten trading
partners totaled 437.74 billion US dollars, accounting for 85.87% of China¡¯s
import and export volume.
China's
Top Ten Trade Partners in 2002
(1 million USD)
| Rank |
Country
(Territory) |
Value
of imports and exports |
Increase
Rate in 2002 over 2001 |
Percentage |
Up
or down |
|
|
Total |
6207.7 |
21.8 |
100.0 |
- |
| 1 |
Japan |
1019.1 |
16.2 |
16.4 |
-0.8 |
| 2 |
USA |
971.8 |
20.8 |
15.7 |
-0.1 |
| 3 |
EU |
867.6 |
13.2 |
14.0 |
-1.0 |
| 4 |
Hong
Kong |
692.1 |
23.7 |
11.1 |
0.1 |
| 5 |
ASEAN |
547.7 |
31.7 |
8.8 |
0.6 |
| 6 |
Taiwan,
China |
446.5 |
38.1 |
7.2 |
0.9 |
| 7 |
Korea |
440.7 |
22.8 |
7.1 |
0.1 |
| 8 |
Russia |
119.3 |
11.8 |
1.9 |
-0.2 |
| 9 |
Australia |
104.4 |
16.0 |
1.7 |
-0.1 |
| 10 |
Canada |
79.3 |
7.6 |
1.3 |
-0.1 |
China's
Top Ten Source of Imports in 2002
(1 million USD)
| Rank |
Country
(Territory) |
Value
of imports |
Increase
Rate in 2002 over 2001 |
Percentage |
Up
or down |
|
|
Total |
2952.0 |
21.2 |
100.0 |
- |
| 1 |
Japan |
534.7 |
25.0 |
18.1 |
0.5 |
| 2 |
EU |
385.4 |
7.9 |
13.1 |
-1.6 |
| 3 |
Taiwan,
China |
380.6 |
39.2 |
12.9 |
1.7 |
| 4 |
ASEAN |
312.0 |
34.4 |
10.6 |
1.1 |
| 5 |
Korea |
285.7 |
22.2 |
9.7 |
0.1 |
| 6 |
USA |
272.3 |
3.9 |
9.2 |
-1.6 |
| 7 |
Hong
Kong |
107.4 |
14.0 |
3.6 |
-0.3 |
| 8 |
Russian |
84.1 |
5.6 |
2.8 |
-0.5 |
| 9 |
Australia |
58.5 |
7.8 |
2.0 |
-0.2 |
| 10 |
Canada |
36.3 |
-10.0 |
1.2 |
-0.5 |
Section I: Foreign Trade Laws
and Regulations
To date, China has instituted
a fairly perfect foreign trade legal system with the ¡°Foreign Trade Law¡±
as the core, involving management of foreign trade dealers and import
and export commodities and technology, foreign exchange, customs control,
import and export commodity inspection, animal and plant quarantine, protection
of intellectual property rights, and economic and trade arbitration related
to foreign interests and proceedings.
I. Foreign Trade Law
The Foreign Trade Law, which came into force on July 1, 1994, serves as
the basic law on standardizing foreign trade activities in China. Its
basic principles are:
- That the whole country practices
a unified foreign trade system;
- Safeguarding a fair and free
foreign trade order;
- Ensuring the independent
operational authority of foreign trade dealers;
- Encouraging the development
of foreign trade; and
- Promoting trade relations
with other countries and regions on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.
II. Laws and Regulations on
Managing Foreign Trade
Laws and Regulations on Managing Foreign Trade Dealers
¡°Regulations on the Management of Import and Export Business License¡±
Laws and Regulations Governing Management of Import and Export Commodities
Major laws and regulations on managing import & export commodities
Regulations on the Importing and Exporting of Cargoes, P.R.China
Important laws and regulations in connection with trade
The ¡°Provisions of the People¡¯s Republic of China on Environmental Management
of Chemicals imported for the First Time and the Import and Export of
Poisonous Chemicals¡± and related detailed rules for implementation£»
¡°Provisional Regulations on Environmental Protection Regarding the Import
of Wastes¡±
Laws and Regulations on Import
and Export Commodity Inspection
The ¡°Law of the People¡¯s Republic of China on Inspecting Import and
Export Commodities¡± and related detailed rules for implementation; the
¡°Procedures on the Implementation of the License System for Safety and
Quality of Import Commodities¡± and related detailed rules for implementation;
the ¡°Procedures on Managing Labels of Import and Export Foodstuffs (for
Trial Implementation)¡±; and the ¡°Procedures on Exemption of Import and
Export Commodities from Inspection (for Trial Implementation)¡±£»
and
the ¡°Procedures on Re-Inspection of Import and Export Commodities¡± promulgated
in 1993.
Laws and Regulations on Animal and Plant Quarantine
The ¡°Law of the People¡¯s Republic of China on Quarantine of Entrance
and Exit Animals and Plants¡± and related detailed rules for implementation.
Laws and Regulations on Hygienic
Quarantine
The ¡°Law of the People¡¯s Republic of China on Border Hygienic Quarantine¡±
and related detailed rules for implementation; the ¡°Food Hygiene Law
of the People¡¯s Republic of China¡±; and the ¡°Procedures of the People¡¯s
Republic of China on Managing Imported Pharmaceuticals¡±.
Laws and Regulations Governing
Foreign Exchange Control
¡°Regulations of the People¡¯s Republic of China on Foreign Exchange Control¡±;
¡°Notice of the People¡¯s Bank of China on Further Reforming the Foreign
Exchange Control System¡±; ¡°Provisions on Managing Settlement in, Sales
of and Payment in Foreign Exchanges¡±; ¡°Procedures on Managing the Settlement
in Foreign Exchanges under Current Account¡±
Customs Laws and Regulations
and Tariff Laws and Regulations
¡°Customs Law of the People¡¯s Republic of China¡±; ¡°Customs Regulations
of the People¡¯s Republic of China Concerning Protection of Intellectual
Property Rights¡±; ¡°Customs Inspection Regulations of the People¡¯s Republic
of China¡±; ¡°Import and Export Duty Regulations of the People¡¯s Republic
of China¡±
Civil and Commercial Laws Involving Foreign Interests
¡°General Principles of the Civil Code of the People¡¯s Republic of China¡±;
¡°Law of the People¡¯s Republic of China on Economic Contracts Involving
Foreign Interests¡±
Economic and Trade Treaties
Common practices in international trade
To date, the Chinese Government has signed bilateral trade agreements
or treaties with the governments of 100 countries (regions), and has signed
or joined nearly 100 international economic and trade treaties.
The Chinese Government has
joined many international economic and trade conventions, and recognized
and adopted many internationally accepted trade practices, laws and regulations
or exemplary methods, such as the ¡°General Rules of Notes to Terminology
Used in Internati | 